Major - 6

 Name of collage:- Maharani shree nandkuvarba arts & commerce College 

Name : Gohil shreyaba 

Year : SY ( sem - 3) 

Subject : English 

 

Subject : Major- 6 

Professor Name: Aamena mam 

● How to log in blog ? 

 

 

SEC

■ College: Maharani shree nandkuvarba arts & commerce College 

■ Name : Gohil shreyaba 

■ Year: Second year[ 3rd sem ] 

■ Sub : SEC 

■  Prof Name: Aamena mam 

●  A story of coin ₹ 10 🪙 💰 

Money never stays in one place. It keeps moving from one hand to another. Here, we have a simple ₹10 coin. It can be spent so easily, and for us, it may seem like just an ordinary coin.

But have you ever wondered where this ₹10 actually comes from?

Behind every transaction, there is a person — someone’s father, brother, son, or husband — who works extremely hard. He works day and night without caring about how tired he is, just to provide for his family.

For us, a ₹10 coin may be something very small and common. But for these hardworking people, that same ₹10 can be incredibly valuable.

Because behind every coin, there is a story of someone’s hard work, sacrifice, and love.

Major - 5

● College : Maharani shree nandkuvarba arts & commerce College  

● Name : Gohil shreyaba 

● Sub: Major -5 

● Paper name :Introduction to the study of.                                      literature 

● Year : Second year 

● Sem: 3rd 

● Professor Name : Mahir 

 ■ Home Assignment:- 

Role of the Author in Literature - 

In my opinion, the author is one of the most important parts of literature because the author gives life to ideas, emotions, and experiences through words. An author observes society and expresses thoughts about people, nature, relationships, culture, and life. Through stories, poems, novels, and plays, authors entertain readers as well as make them think deeply. Authors can also raise awareness about social problems and inspire positive changes in society. Their imagination and creativity create new characters, worlds, and experiences for readers. Therefore, without the author’s ideas, imagination, and expression, literature would not have its meaning and power.

Role of the Author in Literature

The author is one of the most important parts of literature because the author creates the story, poem, drama, or novel and gives it meaning. An author uses imagination, experiences, thoughts, and emotions to communicate ideas to readers

.

Creator of the work: The author creates characters, plots, settings, and situations that make a literary work interesting.

Expresses ideas and emotions: Authors express their feelings, beliefs, dreams, and experiences through their writing.

Shows society: Literature often reflects the society and time in which the author lives. Authors may show social problems, traditions, relationships, and changes in society.

Gives a message: Many literary works teach important lessons about life, humanity, kindness, courage, love, justice, or responsibility.

Uses imagination: Authors transform ordinary ideas and experiences into creative stories, poems, and dramas.

Influences readers: Good literature can make readers think differently, understand other people's feelings, and develop new perspectives

.

Preserves culture: Authors help preserve languages, traditions, history, and cultural values through their works.

Creates connection with readers: Through words and characters, an author can make readers feel connected to the emotions and experiences presented in the work.

In conclusion, the author is the heart of literature. Without the author's creativity, thoughts, and ability to express ideas, literature would not have its unique meaning and impact.

2) Class Assignment

The Nature and Elements of Poetry – Poetry as an Interpretation of Life

● Introduction

Poetry is one of the oldest and most beautiful forms of literature. It expresses human thoughts, feelings, experiences and imagination in a special form of language. Poetry is not only about rhyme and rhythm. It is also a way of understanding life. A poet observes the world and presents life through his or her own feelings, imagination and ideas.

Poetry as an Interpretation of Life

Poetry can be called an interpretation of life because poets write about real human experiences. They express happiness, sadness, love, nature, death, hope, struggle, loneliness and many other parts of life.

Every poet looks at life in a different way. Two people may experience the same situation, but they may understand it differently. A poet gives a special meaning to ordinary experiences through imagination and emotions.

For example, Robert Frost's poem Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening presents a beautiful natural scene, but it also expresses the speaker's thoughts about life, responsibility and moving forward.

Therefore, poetry does not simply copy life. It interprets life and gives deeper meaning to human experiences.

Nature of Poetry

The nature of poetry can be understood through the following points:

1. Poetry expresses emotions

Poetry gives a voice to human feelings such as love, joy, sorrow, fear, hope and loneliness. A poet uses words to express feelings that may be difficult to explain in ordinary language.

2. Poetry uses imagination

Imagination is an important part of poetry. A poet can transform an ordinary object or experience into something meaningful and beautiful.

For example, a tree in poetry may represent life, growth, family or nature.

3. Poetry reflects life

Poetry reflects different aspects of human life. It may talk about family, society, nature, relationships, social problems and personal experiences.

4. Poetry gives pleasure

Poetry gives aesthetic pleasure through beautiful language, rhythm, images and sounds. Reading a good poem can create a strong emotional experience.

5. Poetry communicates ideas

Poetry can also communicate important ideas and messages. A poet may use poetry to discuss social problems, human values, nature, freedom and justice.

Elements of Poetry

The major elements of poetry are:

1. Subject Matter

Subject matter means the main topic of a poem. A poem may be about love, nature, death, war, childhood, society or human life.

2. Emotion

Emotion is the feeling expressed in a poem. Love, sadness, happiness, anger, hope and fear are common emotions in poetry.

3. Imagination

Imagination helps the poet present ordinary things in a creative and interesting way.

4. Imagery

Imagery means using descriptive words that create pictures in the reader's mind. It helps readers see, hear, feel or imagine the scene described by the poet.

5. Rhythm

Rhythm is the musical movement or beat of words in a poem. It makes poetry pleasant to read or listen to.

6. Rhyme

Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds, especially at the ends of lines. However, not every poem needs to have rhyme.

7. Form

Form means the structure or arrangement of a poem. Poems can have different forms such as sonnets, lyrics, ballads and free verse.

8. Language and Style

Poets use special language and style. They may use figures of speech such as metaphor, simile, personification and symbolism.

9. Theme

How Does Poetry Interpret Life?

Poetry interprets life in several ways:

It presents human experiences.

It expresses the feelings of people.

It shows different views of the world.

It gives deeper meaning to ordinary experiences.

Why Does Poetry Interpret Life?

Poetry interprets life because human beings naturally want to understand their experiences and emotions. Poetry helps both the poet and the reader understand life from different perspectives.

A poet observes life, thinks about it, feels it deeply and then expresses it through creative language. In this way, poetry becomes a bridge between the poet's experience and the reader's experience.

Conclusion

Poetry is much more than a collection of beautiful words. It is an artistic interpretation of life. Through subject matter, emotion, imagination, imagery, rhythm, form, language and theme, poetry presents different aspects of human existence. It helps us understand ourselves, other people and the world around us. Therefore, poetry can rightly be called an interpretation of life.

■ Essay 

The Classification of Poetry

Introduction

Poetry is a wide form of literature, and it can be divided into different types according to its subject, purpose, form, length and style. This division is called the classification of poetry. Different types of poetry have different characteristics and purposes.

The major classifications of poetry include lyric poetry, narrative poetry and dramatic poetry. There are also several important forms such as sonnet, ode, elegy, ballad and epic.

1. Lyric Poetry

Lyric poetry mainly expresses the personal feelings, thoughts and emotions of the poet or speaker. It is usually short and emotional.

Features:

It expresses personal feelings.

It is often short.

It may have musical qualities.

It focuses on emotions and thoughts.

Example:

William Wordsworth's I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud is a famous lyric poem about the poet's experience of nature and the joy it gives him.

2. Narrative Poetry

Narrative poetry tells a story. It contains characters, events, actions and sometimes dialogue. It may be long or short.

Features:

It tells a story.

It has characters and events.

It may have a beginning, middle and end.

It can describe adventures, battles or important events.

Example:

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is a narrative poem because it tells the story of an old sailor and his experiences.

3. Dramatic Poetry

Dramatic poetry presents situations through characters and their speech. It is closely connected with drama and can show conflict between characters.

Features:

It presents characters.

It uses dialogue or speeches.

It shows conflict and action.

It can be performed on a stage.

Example:

Robert Browning's My Last Duchess is a dramatic monologue in which a Duke speaks about his former wife.

Other Important Forms of Poetry

4. Epic

An epic is a long narrative poem about great heroes, important events, wars or national history. The hero usually faces difficult challenges.

Examples:

The Iliad by Homer

The Odyssey by Homer

Paradise Lost by John Milton

5. Sonnet

A sonnet is a poem consisting of fourteen lines. It often deals with love, beauty, nature, time or human life.

Example:

William Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets, including Sonnet 18, which deals with beauty and the power of poetry.

6. Ode

An ode is a poem written to praise or celebrate a person, object, idea or event. It usually has a serious and thoughtful tone.

Example:

John Keats's Ode to a Nightingale is a famous ode expressing the poet's thoughts and feelings inspired by a nightingale.

7. Elegy

An elegy is a poem written to express sorrow, especially after the death of a person. It often reflects on death, loss and human life.

Example:

Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard is a famous elegy.

8. Ballad

A ballad is a narrative poem that tells a story in a simple and musical way. Traditional ballads often deal with love, adventure, tragedy or supernatural events.

Example:

La Belle Dame sans Merci by John Keats has many features of a ballad.

9. Free Verse

Free verse is poetry that does not follow a fixed rhyme scheme or regular metre. The poet has greater freedom in arranging lines and expressing ideas.

Example:

Walt Whitman's poetry is famous for its use of free verse.

10. Pastoral Poetry

Pastoral poetry presents an idealized picture of rural life, nature, shepherds and the countryside.

Example:

 John Milton's Paradise Lost is an epic poem because it is a long poem about the fall of Adam and Eve and contains grand characters, events and themes. Homer's The Iliad is another famous example of epic poetry.

A sonnet is a poem of fourteen lines and often deals with love, beauty, nature, time or human life. William Shakespeare's Sonnet 18 is a famous example because it discusses beauty and the lasting power of poetry. An ode is a poem written to praise or celebrate a person, object, idea or event. For example, John Keats's Ode to a Nightingale expresses his thoughts and feelings inspired by the song of a nightingale.

Conclusion

The classification of poetry helps us understand the different forms and purposes of poems. Some poems express personal emotions, some tell stories, some present dramatic situations, while others praise, mourn or describe life and nature. Although poetry has many different forms, all types of poetry help us understand human feelings, experiences and ideas in an artistic way.

આ બંને answers assignmentમાં સીધા લખી શકાય એવા છે. મેં language સરળ રાખી છે જેથી exam/classમાં સમજાવી પણ શકો.

AEC

College Name =  Maharani shree nandkuvarba arts and commerce College 

Name = Gohil shreyaba 

Year = S.Y.B.A

Sem= 3rd 

Subject ( main ) = English 

Assignment Subject = AEC ( Ability enhance.                                                          course) 

Professor Name = Mahir sir 

Home Assignment 🏡:

 explain the role of active and passive voice in day - to - day life and prepare sentences as per the rules. 

● Role of active and passive :- 

Active and passive voice play an important role in our day-to-day communication. Active voice focuses on the person who performs an action and makes sentences clear, direct, and natural. 

 Passive voice focuses on the action or the person/thing receiving the action and is often used when the doer is unknown, unimportant, or when the action is more important. It is commonly found in notices, news reports, formal writing, and official communication. Thus, both voices help us express ideas clearly and appropriately according to the situation.

■ Make the paragraph shorter

■ Use simpler words throughout

■ Add one simple example

Sentences:- 

1. Simple Present Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + V1 + Object

Passive: Object + is/am/are + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She writes a letter.

Passive: A letter is written by her.

2. Present Continuous Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + is/am/are + V-ing + Object

Passive: Object + is/am/are + being + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She is writing a letter.

Passive: A letter is being written by her.

3. Present Perfect Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + has/have + V3 + Object

Passive: Object + has/have + been + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She has written a letter.

Passive: A letter has been written by her.

4. Simple Past Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + V2 + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written by her.

5. Past Continuous Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + was/were + V-ing + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + being + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She was writing a letter.

Passive: A letter was being written by her.

6. Past Perfect Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + had + V3 + Object

Passive: Object + had + been + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She had written a letter.

Passive: A letter had been written by her.

7. Simple Future Tense

Rule: Active: Subject + will + V1 + Object

Passive: Object + will + be + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She will write a letter.

Passive: A letter will be written by her.

8. Modal Verbs

Rule: Active: Subject + modal + V1 + Object

Passive: Object + modal + be + V3 + by + Subject

Active: She can write a letter.

Passive: A letter can be written by her.

9. Imperative Sentence

Rule: Let + Object + be + V3

Active: Open the door.

Passive: Let the door be opened.

10. Negative Sentence

Active: She does not write a letter.

Passive: A letter is not written by her.

11. Interrogative Sentence

Active: Did she write a letter?

Passive: Was a letter written by her?

Important: In passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject, and the main verb changes to its third form (V3).

Class Assignment:- 

Role of Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns are words used in place of nouns to refer to people or things. They include I, we, you, he, she, it, and they. They make sentences clear, natural, and less repetitive.

For example, instead of saying “Riya went to the market. Riya bought a book. Riya came home,” we can say “Riya went to the market. She bought a book and came home.”

Personal pronouns make sentences more effective by:

Avoiding repetition – Rahul is my friend. He is helpful.

Making sentences shorter and smoother – Meena is studying. She is preparing for exams.

Making communication natural – I like music. We enjoy listening to it.

Showing who is speaking or being addressed – I am ready. You can come with me.

Thus, personal pronouns improve clarity, fluency, and effectiveness in both speaking and writing.

Examples of Personal Pronouns

■ We are going to college.

■ You are very helpful.

■ Rohan is my friend. He is kind.

■ Priya is a good student. She studies regularly.

■ The dog is hungry. It needs food.

■ My friends are coming. They will arrive soon.

■ My brother and I play cricket together.

■ The teacher asked us to complete the work.

■ I met Rahul yesterday. I talked to him about the project.

■ This book belongs to Meena. It is hers.

■ The children enjoyed themselves at the picnic.

Example showing effectiveness:

❌ Riya went to the library. Riya took a book. Riya started reading the book.

✅ Riya went to the library. She took a book and started reading it.

 Essay :- 

Reading Skills

Reading skills are the abilities that help a person understand, interpret, and remember written information. Reading is not only about recognizing words; it also involves understanding the meaning, main ideas, details, and purpose of a text. Good reading skills help students learn faster, improve vocabulary, understand difficult topics, and communicate better. Reading skills are useful in education as well as everyday life, such as reading books, newspapers, notices, messages, and instructions.

There are two main types of reading:

1. Skimming

Skimming means reading a text quickly to get its general idea or main point. We do not read every word carefully. Instead, we look at the title, headings, first and last lines, and important words.

Example:

If you quickly read a newspaper article to understand what it is mainly about, you are using skimming.

2. Scanning

Scanning means reading quickly to find specific information in a text. We already know what information we are looking for, so we search for particular words, numbers, names, or facts.

Example:

If you look through a timetable to find your train's departure time, you are using scanning.

In short:

Skimming → Finding the main idea quickly.

Scanning → Finding specific information quickly.

Major-7

 Name of collage:- Maharani shree nandkuvarba arts & commerce College 

Name : Gohil shreyaba 

Year : SY ( sem - 3) 

Subject : English 

Paper name : major - 7 

Date : 7/9/2026 

Professor name: Aamena mam 

■ Home Assignment 🏡 

Match the words:- 

📚 Match the Words According to Their Parts of Speech

“Match the Words According to Their Parts of Speech” is an English language activity in which students identify the part of speech of each word and match it with the correct category.

🌟 What are Parts of Speech?

Parts of Speech are the different categories of words based on the work they do in a sentence. The main parts of speech are: 

Noun

Name of a person, place, animal, or thing

school, Riya, book

Pronoun

Used instead of a noun

he, she, they, it

Verb

Shows an action or state

run, eat, is

Adjective

Describes a noun/pronoun

beautiful, tall, red

Adverb

Describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb

quickly, very, slowly

Preposition

Shows relationship between words

in, on, under, near

Conjunction

Joins words or sentences

and, but, because

Interjection

Expresses sudden feeling

Wow!, Oh!, Hurrah!

✏️ Example of Matching

Column A – Words

Beautiful

Run

School

Quickly

And

Wow!

Column B – Parts of Speech

A. Noun

B. Verb

C. Adjective

D. Adverb

E. Conjunction

F. Interjection

Answers:

1 → C (Adjective)

2 → B (Verb)

3 → A (Noun)

4 → D (Adverb)

5 → E (Conjunction)

6 → F (Interjection)

🎯 Purpose of the Activity

This activity helps students:

Identify different parts of speech.

Improve grammar and vocabulary.

Understand how words function in sentences.

Develop better sentence formation skills.

Make learning English more interactive and interesting.

 ■ Class Assignment: 

• Translation of news report : 

📰 English News Report

India Records Strong Foreign Exchange Inflows

New Delhi, September 2, 2026:

India has received a major boost to its foreign exchange reserves, with inflows of around $136.38 billion through special foreign-currency schemes. India’s foreign exchange reserves reached a record $729.33 billion as of August 21, 2026.

The large inflows are expected to strengthen India’s ability to manage pressure on the Indian rupee caused by global economic conditions. The Reserve Bank of India has also taken steps to manage the increased inflow of foreign currency.

Economists said that while the higher reserves provide greater financial stability, the additional liquidity in the banking system will also need to be managed carefully.

The development is being viewed as an important step in strengthening India’s external financial position.

— Reported by Staff Reporter

📰 ગુજરાતી સમાચાર અહેવાલ

ભારતમાં વિદેશી હૂંડિયામણના પ્રવાહમાં મોટો વધારો

નવી દિલ્હી, 2 સપ્ટેમ્બર, 2026:

ભારતના વિદેશી હૂંડિયામણના ભંડારમાં નોંધપાત્ર વધારો થયો છે. વિશેષ વિદેશી ચલણ યોજનાઓ દ્વારા ભારતમાં આશરે 136.38 અબજ ડોલરનો વિદેશી ચલણ પ્રવાહ આવ્યો છે. 21 ઓગસ્ટ, 2026 સુધીમાં ભારતનું વિદેશી હૂંડિયામણ ભંડાર વધીને રેકોર્ડ 729.33 અબજ ડોલર થયું છે.

આ વધારાથી વૈશ્વિક આર્થિક પરિસ્થિતિના કારણે ભારતીય રૂપિયો પર આવતા દબાણનો સામનો કરવામાં મદદ મળી શકે છે. ભારતીય રિઝર્વ બેંકે વધેલા વિદેશી ચલણના પ્રવાહને યોગ્ય રીતે સંચાલિત કરવા માટે જરૂરી પગલાં લીધાં છે.

અર્થશાસ્ત્રીઓના મતે, વિદેશી હૂંડિયામણના ઊંચા ભંડારથી દેશની નાણાકીય સ્થિરતા મજબૂત થઈ શકે છે, જોકે બેન્કિંગ વ્યવસ્થામાં વધેલી નાણાંની ઉપલબ્ધતાનું યોગ્ય સંચાલન કરવું જરૂરી રહેશે.

આ વિકાસને ભારતની બાહ્ય નાણાકીય સ્થિતિને મજબૂત બનાવતી મહત્વપૂર્ણ સિદ્ધિ તરીકે જોવામાં આવી રહ્યો છે.

— સ્ટાફ રિપોર્ટર

 ■ Essay 

🌱 English: The Honest Boy

Once there was a poor boy named Ravi. One day, he found a wallet on the road. It contained some money and an identity card.

Ravi wanted to keep the money, but he remembered his parents’ advice to always be honest. He used the identity card to find the owner and returned the wallet.

The owner was very happy and thanked Ravi. He offered him a reward, but Ravi politely refused.

Moral: Honesty is always the best policy.

🌼 Hindi: ईमानदार लड़का

एक बार रवि नाम का एक गरीब लड़का था। एक दिन उसे रास्ते में एक बटुआ मिला। उसमें कुछ पैसे और एक पहचान पत्र था।

रवि पैसे रखना चाहता था, लेकिन उसे अपने माता-पिता की सीख याद आई कि हमेशा ईमानदार रहना चाहिए। उसने पहचान पत्र की मदद से बटुए के मालिक को खोजा और बटुआ वापस कर दिया।

मालिक बहुत खुश हुआ और उसने रवि को धन्यवाद दिया। उसने रवि को इनाम देना चाहा, लेकिन रवि ने विनम्रता से मना कर दिया।

सीख: ईमानदारी हमेशा सबसे अच्छी नीति है।